| Title | Feasibility of Using Sewage Sludge in Highway Embankment Construction |
|---|---|
| Record ID | 48382 |
| Personal Name Creator |
Kawam, A.; Smith, L.M.; Ross, J.; Larew, H.G.; Rude, L. |
| Corporate Creator | United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration. Office of Research and Development; Gillette Research Institute |
| Publisher | United States. Federal Highway Administration |
| Publication Date | 19750201 |
| Language | English |
| Abstract | A laboratory evaluation of the feasibility of utilizing sewage sludge in construction of a highway embankment was conducted. Mixtures composed of lime, fly ash, waste calcium sulfate and up to 17 percent sewage sludge were evaluated. The effect of lime type, fly ash source and the relative proportions of lime, fly ash and waste calcium sulfate on compressive strength of compacted specimens was measured. Using the criterion that the 28-day compressive strength should be 50 p.s.i. (345 kN/m2) greater than that of uncured specimens, over 75 percent of the formulations examined passed this test. Two soils, one sandy and the other clayey, were used to replace 30, 50 and 70 percent of the fly ash in selected formulations. All samples with the soil replacement exceeded the minimum strength gain criterion. Selected formulations were further evaluated for volume change, durability, permeability and leachability. Both freeze-thaw resistance and wet-dry stability were measured and determined to be marginal. The permeability was found to be low, of the order of 10-6 cm/sec. Analysis of the leachate from the permeability tests indicated that the heavy metals present in the sewage sludge--cadmium, chromium, mercury and zinc--were retained in the mixture. However, lime and gypsum did increase the pH and calcium and sulfate ion concentrations in the leachate. |
| Rosap ID | dot:36584 |
| Rosap URL | https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/36584 |
| TRT Terms | Sludge; Sewage holding tanks; Sewage collection; Sewage treatment; Salvage; Calcium oxide; Lime fly ash; Calcium sulfates; Embankments; Water pollution; Waste disposal; Trace elements; Solid waste disposal; Soil stabilization; Sewerage; Permeability; Leaching; Land reclamation; Highways; Fills; Feasibility analysis; Durability; Compressive strength; Clay |
| General Subjects | Sewage sludge; Sulfate waste; Waste utilization; Lime; Fly ash; Soil Building materials; Calcium; Calcium oxide; Calcium sulfates; Clay; Compressive strength; Durability; Embankments; Feasibility analysis; Fills; Subject Areas: Construction; Geotechnology; Highways |
| Geographical Coverage |
United States |
| TRIS Online Accession No |
92025 |
| Contract Number | DOT-FH-11-8122 |
| Report Number | FHWA-RD-75-38, Intrm Rpt., FCP 34C2-022 |
| Resource type | Tech Report |
| URL | https://ntlrepository.blob.core.windows.net/lib/48000/48300/48382/FHWA-RD-75-038.pdf |
| Format | |
| Database | NTL Digital Repository |